Graysville Campaign 1863
Introduction
The Graysville Campaign is a small fictional encounter set in 1863 between a Union division and an understrength Confederate division.
I will be using Warlord Games' Epic ACW figures to play out the battles and a home brew hex and counter map to run the campaign.
The mechanics have been inspired by the campaign chapter in Charles Grant's excellent book, Programmed Wargame Scenarios (For Solo and Multi Player Games). I shall be using my own rules 'Two Flags - One Nation' to manage any encounters on the table.
Intitially this page starts with the construction of the campaign and then follows the course of events as an ongoing AAR, with the latest post being at the bottom of the page to keep the narrative in chronological order.
Building the map
I see this mini campaign as being something like a three day running battle. There are three turns per day, just using day light hours and infantry units can move 1 hex per turn.
Charles Grant's Programmed Wargame Scenarios book, has inspired the campaign framework, though I am using my own map, order-of-battle and order / response aspects.
As a fictional battle, the map has some made up names, plus a few borrowed from various ACW boardgame maps that I own, so it is a typical rather than actual representation.
The programmed part of the scenario means that some deployments, orders and responses to enemy moves have been built into the campaign and these will be acted upon in a random way, by dice roll.
As an example, at the start of play a dice is rolled to determine the battle plan that the attacker will use, describing where the emphasis of attack will be and allocating forces accordingly.
By also randomising to a degree the defenders 'deployments' and 'responses', the campaign should start to get a character of its own and feel fresh to my eyes despite all of my personal involvement with managing it.
Work has started on two Orders-of-Battle, with the campaign being based around a division per side and the attacker having a 3:2 benefit in numbers. The defender will be dispersed around the map, so the immediate effect will be greater than 3:2 as the attackers meet various outposts and blocking forces etc.
Game Counters
The Shenandoah Valley 1862 campaign text has been dipped into to get an Order-of-Battle, though I am setting the Graysville campaign in 1863, not that it matters much except, using my own rules, units roll pre-battle (or pre-campaign in this case) on the Arming Table to see whether they get smoothbore or rifled muskets, so they will be using the 1863 column as rifling becomes much more common.
Against the odds! Only one unit gets armed with smoothbore musket, Elzey's 25th Virginia (Confederate).
Next, I rolled for brigade commander attributes. The Confederate commanders didn't get any, so they remain standard commanders, but for the Union, the dice went a little crazy.
Kimball has the Lucky attribute (so some re-rolls for him) as does 3rd Brigade's Tyrer. Colonel Sullivan was less fortunate and he rolled 'Exhausted'. This will bring him some command and control problems, so perhaps Shields might prefer not to give his brigade a leading role.
Some units have had to be described as 'small'. This is because Grant's programmed scenario book, makes use of smaller detatchments and refers to 5% of the force being given various responsibilities - usually outpost type positions and small units seems to be the best way to handle this sort of thing - we shall see!
I have knocked up myself a counter sheet to use with the map. It turns out I forgot to add another confederate cavalry unit (6th Virginia) so I made a separate counter for that.
I also included some 'Battle' counters. These are used to mark those enemy occupied hexes that a friendly unit / stack moves into, which will each needed to be gamed on the figures table for that turn. This is done as soon as an enemy hex is entered, units that enter that then enter the hex later in that same campaign turn, sit on top of the battle marker and will arrive on the tabletop battle as a reinforcement.
And so it begins
And, so it begins!
It is Morning, 18th June 1863. Confederate, Major General Ewell has been ordered to the town of Graysville, which sits on a strategically important part of the road net. There he holds 1st Brigade under Colonel Scott in reserve, while his 2nd Brigade (Brigadier General Elzey) is dispersed further forward and has been deployed beyond Mott’s Run to cover the two approach roads and associated bridges. 1st Cavalry Brigade is deployed to cover the small ridge that overlooks Old Mine Road,
A Union division under Brigadier General Shields in approaching. His orders are to secure Graysville with all haste.
Having taken the inspiration for this campaign from Charles Grant’s book ‘Programmed Wargame Scenarios’, Orders have been given to the units of both sides, but equally importantly, each location occupied by a confederate force has been given some dice driven options that they will test against in response to any hostile action.
What this means is that, for example, as Dowdall Church is attacked, the occupying 31st Virginia regiment located there will dice against a number of pre-determined potential response. So until that happens, we will not know how 31st will respond. Mostly the responses are weighted towards a certain decision, but who knows what the dice will give us.
Likewise, I have set up some variables for the Union attack. At the start of play, a D6 will determine how Shields will deploy and direct his division. So the first thing we must do is to determine that. Let’s work out Shield’s initial plan now!
Roll a D6 …… 2, that result says;
1st & 2nd Brigade, plus Battery H push down the Old Mine Road. 1st Brigade will clear Peavine Ridge and 2nd Brigade with the artillery will push on along the road to seize Duffy’s Mill (Remember 2nd Brigade commandet - Colonel Sullivan, is suffering from exhaustion).
3rd Brigade will advance directly down Piney Turnpike to capture Rock Spring, while Colonel Brodhead will take his two cavalry regiments to secure Dowdall Church.
These manoeuvres are a pre-cursor to the union taking the bridges across Mott’s Run and advancing onto Graysville.
Next, we shall see the Union advance onto the map and see how the forward confederate elements respond to the ‘sea of blue’! No doubt a relay of messages and orders will quickly follow.
Opening Action
Brodhead's two cavalry regiments (1st Ohio and 1st Michigan) moved onto Dowdall Church, which was defended by 31st Virginia (classed as a small regiment).
The cavalrymen dismounted and moved within carbine range, taking a volley of fire for their troubles.
Their return fire was rather effective and 31st were quite discomforted by their casualties.
[Checking on the 31st's responses and rolling a D6, it was determined that the Virginians would stand and fight until they took their first casualties and then withdraw, intending to fall back on Rocky Spring].
Accordingly, after taking losses, the 31st successfully disengaged, though pursued by the cavalrymen who remained on foot.
The Union had gained their first objective (1 VP) which in truth was no more than a skirmish.
The 31st Virginia scouts had managed to properly identify that their wing was facing an infantry brigade, with cavalry and gun support. They sent messengers to Elzey to that effect.
However, over on the right, 25th Virginia on the ridge could only see a single union infantry brigade. They had yet to see the other infantry brigade with its artillery and so their messengers to Elzey only advised of the nearest infantry brigade.
At Elzey's headquarters, the arrival of those messages suggested that the union main effort was going to be on the Confederate left, down Piney Turnpike - were the confederates about to be wrong-footed!
Early afternoon - Thursday 18th June 1863
Elzey dispatched fast riders to Ewell at Graysville, via Rocky Spring Bridge, advising that the union were advancing down both roads, with the main effort seemingly being on the Piney Turnpike.
He also dashed off a quick message to Colonel Munford (1st Cavalry Brigade), who was over on Peavine Ridge, asking for support at Piney Turnpike, to deal with the enemy cavalry.
Munford however had an emerging problem on his own doorstep. The union 1st Infantry Brigade had just started their assault on the eastern end of Peavine Ridge, the part of the high ground defended by 25th Virginia Infantry Regiment. Munford’s own position was now increasingly linked to whatever unfolded further down the ridge.
At Dowdall Church, 1st Ohio Cavalry had requested permission from Brodhead to pursue the retreating 31st Virginia Infantry, but Brodhead refused [failed initiative die!] preferring to await further instruction from Shields.
[As it happens, orders were already on the way from Shields, directing Brodhead that his cavalry should bypass Rock Spring and secure Rock Spring Bridge].
Kimball (Union - 1st Infantry Brigade) took 14th Indiana, 8th Ohio and 67th Ohio into action against 25th Virginia on Peavine Ridge. Known as ‘Lucky Kimball’ he held his line back and opened fire at long range, with decent results [thanks to a Kimball 'lucky' re-roll]. The 25th, being smoothbore armed were too far away at this point to offer effective return fire.
[in any case, a test on the Response Table required 25th Virginia to immediately abandon their position and retire to Duffy’s Mill].
25th Virginia were easily able to disengage, limping away [with 2 hits] and disappearing from union view as they descended the rear slopes of the ridge.
They were surprised to see 13th Virginia advancing towards them. They had been positioned at the mill, but had marched to the sound of guns [following a Response Test].
With three union regiments on their tail, both 13th and 25th fell back on Duffy’s Mill and set about creating some barricades.
Late Evening, Thursday 18th June 1863
Orders and messages were criss-crossing the district. Brodhead’s union cavalry received Shields orders to move and bypass Rock Spring and capture the bridge.
News had reached Ewell’s headquarters at Graysville that the enemy main thrust was coming down Piney Turnpike. He was with Scott and ordered him to march with 1st Infantry Brigade and respond to the threat against the two bridges, with two infantry regiments to be sent to Rock Spring Bridge and one regiment to move up to the Old Mine Road bridge and that both bridge positions should be held for as long as possible.
In addition, Scott ordered his artillery (Lusk), presently on Laurel Hill, to move upstream and support the infantry at Rock Spring Bridge. Ewell moved his headquarters further forward to Laurel Hill.
25th Virginia were now seeing a second Infantry Brigade with their artillery appear on Old Mine Road and immediately alerted Elzey about these additional troops advancing towards Duffy’s Mill. Elzey, realising the extent of the danger emerging on his right, got word off to Ewell urgently.
The Fighting.
Having earlier cleared 25th Virginia from the eastern end of Peavine Ridge, Kimball pressed on to clear the rest of the feature, held by Mumfords cavalry brigade of two regiments, which had taken up skirmishing positions amongst the difficult terrain (see poto above).
Kimball decided that his men would rush at the cavalrymen to get amongst them as quickly as possible, but as he approached, they mounted up and fell back some distance. Confident that the cavalry were not committed to defending the ground, he again rushed forward, his lines becoming increasingly disordered in the difficult terrain.
Munford was vexed at what to do for the best, he could easily have the brigade mount up and pull out, keeping his force relatively unscathed, but he did not want to abandon the hill so readily. In the end through a combination of bravery and stubbornness, the cavalry stood their ground and delivered rapid fire …. would they be swept away by the union charge?
Munford’s volleys did a lot of damage and the Union line hesitated and then quickly retired - beaten off, for now. Kimball’s attack had failed.
[When I say Munford was vexed, it was of course I who was torn between standing and retreating. Had the Union got amongst the cavalrymen, Munford’s men would have suffered greatly, so really standing firm was something of a gamble, but they did it and it paid off]
The Union’s 14th Indiana and 67th Ohio had sustained heavy casualties. With the offensive capability of both regiments curtailed - would Kimball renew the attack? Regardless, with Kimball now tied up with Munford, the cavalrymen’s actions had likely saved the confederate soldiers at Duffy’s Mill, from having to face off against two fresh Union infantry brigades.
[Munford’s brigade had not taken enough losses for their programmed retreat orders to kick in, so the cavalry stood their ground and waited!]
Night - Thursday 18th into Friday 19th.
Conferate - Ewell conferred with Scott at Laurel Hill. They were still convinced that the main line of union attack was down Piney Turnpike and the feeling was that they had done all they could to meet that threat. Ewell, concerned by his lack of artillery and favouring their retention on Laurel Hill as a reserve, questioned Scott's decision to send the guns to Rock Creek bridge. Scott stressed the need to bring maximum force against the union attack and to at least match the union guns. Shields conceded the point [a die roll].
Meanwhile ... it was clear to Elzey, on the north side of Mott's Run, that tomorrows fighting would see the action at Duffy's Mill as being pivotal to the days events .... "where the hell is Scott"!
Union - Kimball appraised Shields of his setback at Peavine Ridge and asked that Brodhead's cavalry support him in another attack on Munford's cavalry. Shields was not happy at the delays and losses at the ridge and that Kimball was not now joining Sullivan's 2nd Brigade for the assault on Duffy's Mill, but he allowed himself to be pursuaded that the current cavalry mission to bypass Rock Spring and capture the bridge was probably too ambitious and he agreed that Brodhead should support Kimball at the ridge ..... but he wanted results!